A study of gene expression in the living human brain

The process of aging increases the risk of developing age-related diseases, which come at great societal healthcare costs and suffering to individuals. Meanwhile, targeting the basic mechanisms of aging can reduce the risk of developing age-related diseases during aging, essentially resulting in a ‘healthy aging’ process. Multiple aging pathways exist, which over past decades have systematically been confirmed through gene knockout or overexpression studies in mammals and the ability to increase healthy lifespan. In this work, we perform transcriptome-based drug screening to identify small molecules that mimic the transcriptional profiles of long-lived genetic interventions in mammals. We identify one small molecule whose transcriptional effects mimic diverse known genetic longevity interventions: compound 60 (Cmpd60), which is a selective inhibitor of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and 2 (HDAC2). In line with this, in a battery of molecular, phenotypic, and bioinformatic analyses, in multiple disease cell and animal models, we find that Cmpd60 treatment rejuvenates multiple organ systems. These included the kidney, brain, and heart. In renal aging, Cmpd60 reduced partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and decreased fibrosis in vivo. For the aging brain, Cmpd60 reduced dementia-related gene expression in vivo, effects that were recapitulated when treating the APPSWE-1349 Alzheimer mouse. In cardiac aging, Cmpd60 treatment activated favorable developmental gene expression in vivo and in line with this, improved ventricular cardiomyocyte contraction and relaxation in a cell model of cardiac hypertrophy. Our work establishes that a systemic, two-week treatment with an HDAC1/2 inhibitor serves as a multi-tissue, healthy aging intervention in mammals. This holds potential for translation towards therapeutics that promote healthy aging in humans.

Treatment with a selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1 and 2 inhibitor in aged mice rejuvenates multiple organ systems

This node is a reproduction of Software for Simulating Lunar Surface Hydration Measurements for Multispectral Lidar at 3 µm1 using Python instead of Matlab. The goal is to reproduce the figures and results from the data published by Cremons, et. al that accompanied their paper.

Reproduced figures and commentary are found in repro/results.ipynb as a Jupyter Notebook running Python 3. Details about the code and environment are found in pyproject.toml. The reproduction can be produced using a docker image prepared from this repository.