Case Study of Rehabilitation of Extension Contracture of the Knee Joint

Abstract

Background: Severe knee stiffness in a 3-year-old patient following slab application can significantly impact mobility and quality of life. Post-traumatic stiffness is often associated with improper rehabilitation, prolonged immobilization, or unaddressed intra-articular injuries. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical in pediatric cases to prevent long-term functional impairments. Methodology: This case report discusses about 3-year-old patient presenting with severe knee stiffness from three years after slab application for fixed anterior tibial subluxation and fixed depression fracture of the posterior part of medial tibial condyle. The patient's medical history, clinical examination findings, and radiographic imaging were analyzed. The treatment approach involved a combination of physical therapy, pharmacological management. Results: Initial clinical evaluation revealed significant loss of range of motion, particularly in flexion. Radiographic findings showed no residual fracture deformities but identified joint contracture. The patient underwent and intensive rehabilitation program, including passive stretching and active exercises. After 3 months of therapy the knee range of motion improved 70% from 5° to 84° and the patient regained functional mobility. Conclusion: Severe knee stiffness in young children post-slab application is a preventable and manageable condition. Timely intervention, emphasizing early mobilization and appropriate rehabilitation, is crucial. This case highlights the importance of multidisciplinary approaches combining orthopedic and physical therapy expertise. Further studies are needed to optimize treatment protocols for similar cases in pediatric populations.