Decolonizing the Caste Narrative: A Historical and Socio-Cultural Analysis of the Role of Dalit Icons in Hinduism and Indian Society

Abstract

This paper critically examines the colonial construction of caste rigidity in Hindu society and highlights the role of Dalit icons-such as Maharishi Valmiki, Ved Vyasa, and Emperor Ashoka-in shaping Indian civilization. By analyzing historical texts, sociological evidence, and colonial administrative records, this study debunks the myth that caste discrimination is intrinsic to Hinduism. The paper presents ten key arguments refuting this misconception and introduces an engagement model using open-ended questions to counter the anti-Sanatani narrative. It also addresses misinterpretations of the Manusmriti, the historical rationale behind certain Dalit traditions, and presents policy recommendations for social unity.